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Afroyim v. Rusk 

Afroyim v. Rusk Beys Afroyim was born in Poland and immigrated to the United States in 1912; he became a naturalized citizen in 1926. In 1950 he went to Israel and voted in an Israeli election the fo . . .

Flast v. Cohen 

Flast v. Cohen The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 provided massive amounts of federal aid to public, private, and parochial schools. Florence Flast and other taxpayers filed suit in N . . .

In re Gault 

In re Gault An enduring reform of the Progressive Era was the establishment of juvenile courts where minors were tried under rules far different from those of a regular criminal court and judges had . . .

Katzenbach v. Morgan 

Katzenbach v. Morgan Section 4(e) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 provided that no person who had successfully completed the sixth grade in Puerto Rico in which the language of instruction was other . . .

Keyishian v. Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York 

Keyishian v. Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York Harry Keyishian and others were teachers at the University of Buffalo, a private school that merged with State University of N . . .

King v. Smith 

King v. Smith Alabama, like every other state and U.S. territory, participated in the federal government's Aid to Families with Dependent Children Program (AFDC). The state's Department of Pensions a . . .

Loving v. Virginia 

Loving v. Virginia State laws regulating private conduct obviously constituted state action. Nearly all of the southern states had on their books laws prohibiting sexual relations, cohabitation, or m . . .

Miranda v. Arizona 

Miranda v. Arizona Ernesto Miranda, an indigent and semiliterate twenty-three-year-old, was arrested at his home and taken to a police station. There, he was identified by the victim of a rape-kidnap . . .

South Carolina v. Katzenbach 

South Carolina v. Katzenbach The 1965 Voting Rights Act authorized the attorney general to send federal registrars into any county he suspected of practicing racial discrimination, in particular thos . . .

Terry v. Ohio 

Terry v. Ohio Officer Martin McFadden, dressed in plainclothes, was patrolling a section of downtown Cleveland one afternoon when he noticed two men who, he explained later, “didn't look right . . .

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District 

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District On December 16, 1965, Mary Beth Tinker, her brother John, and another student, Christopher Eckhardt, were sent home and then suspended from . . .