Introduction
Some employers have fired or refused to hire Black workers because of their dreadlocks, cornrows or braids, and white teachers and coaches have cut Black and brown students' hair, saying it violates school dress codes. Experts say such actions echo the historic behavior of enslavers, who shaved the heads of kidnapped Africans to humiliate and punish them. The natural hair movement, aided by social media, has helped to mainstream hair texture diversity and expose discrimination against Black hairstyles. At least 17 states have enacted laws expanding civil rights protections to include hair, and in March the U.S. House of Representatives passed a similar bill. Republican critics of the measures say they are unnecessary and that lawmakers should focus on bigger problems, such as inflation and immigration. Supporters say hair discrimination is a serious economic issue when workers lose their livelihoods due to hairstyle bias.
Film director Ava DuVernay, left, and actress Tessa Thompson wear cornrows and dreadlocks at the 2021 InStyle Awards in Los Angeles. Advocates of the natural hair movement say Black people are often discriminated against because of their hair, echoing enslavers' efforts to humiliate or punish captive Africans by cutting their hair. (Getty Images/InStyle/Emma McIntyre)
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African Americans and the Civil Rights Movement |
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Jul. 22, 2022 |
Black Hairstyles |
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Nov. 15, 1985 |
Black America Long March for Equality |
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Aug. 12, 1983 |
Black Political Power |
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Jan. 18, 1980 |
Black Leadership Question |
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Aug. 15, 1973 |
Black Americans, 1963–1973 |
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Nov. 26, 1969 |
Racial Discrimination in Craft Unions |
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Sep. 11, 1968 |
Black Pride |
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Feb. 21, 1968 |
Negro Power Struggle |
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Mar. 08, 1967 |
Negroes in the Economy |
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Jan. 19, 1966 |
Changing Southern Politics |
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Oct. 27, 1965 |
Negroes in the North |
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Jul. 21, 1965 |
Negro Revolution: Next Steps |
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Oct. 14, 1964 |
Negro Voting |
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Sep. 21, 1964 |
Negroes and the Police |
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Jul. 03, 1963 |
Right of Access to Public Accommodations |
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Jan. 23, 1963 |
Negro Jobs and Education |
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Mar. 25, 1960 |
Violence and Non-Violence in Race Relations |
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Aug. 05, 1959 |
Negro Employment |
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Apr. 18, 1956 |
Racial Issues in National Politics |
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Apr. 18, 1951 |
Progress in Race Relations |
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Dec. 17, 1948 |
Discrimination in Employment |
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Jan. 10, 1947 |
Federal Protection of Civil Liberties |
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Aug. 25, 1944 |
The Negro Vote |
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Jul. 01, 1942 |
Racial Discrimination and the War Effort |
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Mar. 25, 1939 |
Civil and Social Rights of the Negro |
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Jul. 22, 1927 |
Disenfranchisement of the Negro in the South |
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