Introduction

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) production has jumped over the past decade, helping make the United States a net exporter of energy for the first time in more than 70 years. The growth of LNG — gas cooled to at least minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit, which reduces its volume and allows it to be transported long distances — has elevated the role of natural gas in politics and national security. Natural gas was the fastest-growing fossil fuel in 2019, but the coronavirus pandemic has cut sharply into demand and prices have tumbled, creating a volatile marketplace. In addition, the gas sector faces numerous long-term challenges, including environmental questions and competition from renewable energy. Opponents of fracking — the process that extracts gas by drilling deep underground ...

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