Introduction

As the 28-nation European Union approaches its 60th anniversary, it is struggling to hang together in the midst of numerous challenges, including sluggish economies, a migration crisis and rising populism. Founded in the ashes of World War II, the EU sought to end ruinous national rivalries and forge an organization in which Europeans would work together to build a prosperous future. The EU's supporters say the Union has largely fulfilled these goals but that its success has led to an irony: Expansion from the original six member states has opened up new divisions between the wealthier north and the poorer south and between those states favoring a stronger central authority and those wanting power returned to national capitals. Britain's vote to exit the EU — ...

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